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last
update October 2002
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| Tuberculosis:
Chest X-ray and Skin Lesion |
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HIV-infected
patients infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis are at
significantly increased risk of developing active tuberculosis
(TB). Pulmonary disease, which manifests as fever and respiratory
symptoms, is common; extrapulmonary involvement is more frequent
in those with advanced HIV disease. Diagnosis is made presumptively
based upon clinical presentation and sputum acid-fast bacilli
(AFB) stain, and it is confirmed by culture. Combination therapy
with three or more drugs is given for six to twelve months. This
regimen can often be simplified once drug sensitivities are known.
Information about TB prophylaxis is provided in the Clinical Aspects
of HIV Infection Tutorial: Routine
Health Care Maintenance - Tuberculosis Prevention (Note:
this link will open in a new window. Close the new window to return
to this tutorial). |
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